Gas-engine.



Patented Oct. 13, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHBET 1.

J. MOINTOSH.

GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 27, 1910.

a U w I a a U V i/ g s h I. u w 6 w h m 5 z A u E I z o 1 4 I 4 1 engine with 10 is arranged in the cylinder,

UNITED STATES PATENT oF IoE.

JAMES MCINTOSH, OF GROVE CITY, PENNSYLVANIA.

GAS-ENGINE.

To all whom it may concern citizen of the United States, residing at .Grove City, in the county of Mercer and Stateof Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful. Improvements in Gas-Engines, of.which the following isa specification.

Thisinvention relates to gas engines, and consists in certain improvements in the construction thereof as will be hereinafter fully described and pointed out in the claims.

The invention is specially. useful in connection with two cycle engines.

One of the objects of my invention is to fill the transfer port or inletpassage with pure air so that when the connection is made between "the pump chamber and the combustion chamber, there is this insulatingcolumn of air preventing back firing. This column of air is also useful in more thoroughly scavenging the combustion chamber, and the quantity of air admitted for this purpose is used in regulatingthe quality of the mixture, and thus the power of the engine.

Another-object of the invention is to cool the piston,'and to thisend air is admitted to the. piston. In addition thereto, the ixture, as it is transferred from the pump ciamber to the combustion chamber, is forced. past the inner end of the piston. Other objects of the invention will appear-from the specification and claims.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings as follows Figure 1 shows a center section of the the piston at the end of its power-stroke;.Fig. 2 a similar section with the piston at stroke. I

1 marks the combustion end of the cylinder; 2 the piston 8 theinlet port; t the exhaust port, 5 the water jacket. The front end of the cylinder is closed by a cylinder head 6, so that the pump chamber? is formed in the end of the cylinder. A- P1813011 rod 8 extends from-the piston passing through the gland 9 which closes the head 6 around prevent leakage The transfer port and extends from the inlet port 3to a pointin the pump chamber. A piston port 11 is arranged the piston rod, so as to from the pump chamber.

- in the piston and opens within the piston at the inner end of the piston, and has an Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct, 13, 1914, Application filed July 27, 1910. Serial No. 574,098.

forms the mixture.

the end of its compressed cuter opening which, at the end of the power stroke, comes into register with the transfer port 10, as shown in Fig. 1.

- 12 marks the air inlet; 13 the gas inlet,

the gas inlet being in annular form around the main air inlet and terminating in the jet openings 14 through the valve seat 15. A valve 16 controls the inlet, the air passing from the seat 15 picks up the gas, and The valve is provided with the stem 17 which extends through the bearing 18. It is provided with a shoulder 19. the stem between the bearing 18 and shoulder 19, and tends to hold the valve in a closed position. A port 21 extends around the cylinder, and opens into the pump chamber. The details of this inlet valve form no part of my present invention. During the compresslon stroke of the piston, a vacuum or partial vacuum is formed in the pump chamber, and the-air pressure on the valve 15 opens the valve, and admits air and gas to the pump chamber. At the completion of. the compression stroke spring 20.

port is an air inlet 22. This is controlled by a valve 23., The valve has a stem 25 extending through a bearing 24, the bearing being supportedby .avweb 26. A shoulder 27 is arranged on the outer end of the stem, and a spring 28 is arranged between this shoulderiand the plate '30 resting on the web 26, the spring tending to hold the valve 23. in a closed position. The web 26 is provided with openings 29 and a plate 30 hasopenings 31 which may be brought into and out of register with the openings 29 by turning the plate. By this construction, the admission of air may be regulated A spring 20 is arranged around Arranged in connection with the transfer simply by turning the plate so as to bring the openlngs 31 more nearly into or out of register withthe openings 29; The valve may also be adjusted by varying the spring.

pressure but I prefer the plate as it can bemore conveniently adjusted.

The operation of the machine is as follows: Starting with the parts as shown in Fig. 1, the air which has been introduced into the piston port 11, the transfer port 10 and. the mixture in the pump chamber are under the excess pressure due to the downward movement of the pump piston, so that when the exhaust port 4 and inlet port 3 are uncovered, theair and mlxture moves into the combustion chamber, the ailprecedingthe mixture. It will benoted that the air in the transfer port 10 and the piston port 11 insulates the burnt gases in the combustion chamber from the mixture so that there is little danger of the mixture. being ignited from the burnt gases. At the same time it will be noted that the mixtureis all forced past and in contact with the inner end of the piston, thus cooling the piston and heat-.'

ing to the same extent the mixture. To facilitate this transfer of heat, I provlde the under side of the piston with the ribs or Webs 2 which not only have this effect. but

strengthen the piston. As the piston moves upwardly the piston port 11 is brought opair.

posite the inlet 3. By the time the piston reaches this position, there has been such a reduction of pressure in the pump chamber that there is an immediate movement of gas from the transfer port 10, and the inlet port 3 to the piston port 11, and this is followed by air through the passage 22, the valve being opened by the air pressure on its outer surface. admit, at this point, any amount of air that is desired. Thus, not only the piston port may be filled, but also the inner or upper end of the piston ,may be filled with pure ment of the piston the mixture is also drawn in past the valve 16 in the usual manner.

In the latter part of the stroke of the piston, it uncovers the lower end of the transfer port 10, so that any mixture that may remain in this port is drawn out, and into the pump chamber, the transfer port being filled with air from the passage 22.

In order to assure a pressure in the pump chamber approximately equal to atmospheric pressure, when the piston starts its return movement, I prefer to provide the air port 32 leading to the air inlet 12. An

, auxiliary piston port 33 is arranged in the piston,and in position to be brought into register with the port 32, when the piston is in its extreme initial position: If the pressure in the pump chamber is, at this point, less than atmospheric pressure, air passes in through the air inlet 12, by way of port 32 and-33, to the inner end of the This is regulated so as to On this upward or compression move- 1, when a charge is delivered to the combustion chamber.

What I claim as new is:

1. In a gas engine, the combination ofa cylinder; an inlet passage through which mixture is delivered to the cylinder; a pump connected with said passage; means closing said passage to the pump during part of the suction stroke of the pump; a pressure actuated valve for admitting air to the passage in position to precede acharge of mixture; and an intake independent of said valve for the pump.

V 2. In a gas engine, the combination of a cylinder; an inlet passage through which mixture is delivered to the cylinder; a pump connected with said passage; means closing said-passage to the pump during part of the suction stroke of the pump; a valve for admitting air to the passage in position to precede a charge of mixture; means for varying the quantity of air admitted; and an.

independent intake for the pump.

Z In a gas engin e, the combination of a cylinder; a piston in the cylinder forming with one end of the cylinder a pump; an

inlet passage" forming a transfer port from the pump end of the cylinder to the coin- .bustion end of the cylinder through which mixture is delivered to the combustion end of the cylinder, said piston and transfer port being arranged to close the transfer port during part of the suction stroke of the piston; a valve for admitting air to the passage near the combustion end of the cylinder; and an independent intake for the 4..In a gas engine, the combination of a cylinder; a piston in the cylinder; a transfer port; an air valve inthe transfer port; a

port in the end 'of the pistonadapted to be} to the pump cylinder.

' 5. In a gas engine, the combination of a cylinder; a piston in the cylinder; an inlet passageforming a transfer port from the pump end of the cylinder to the combustion end of'the cylinder; an air inlet valve on the said inlet passage; a port in the piston receiving air from said inlet passage, the said port being open to the piston and placed to be brought into register with the transfer port at the end of the power stroke of the piston whereby mixture is forced from the piston to the transfer port; an independent intake for delivering mixture to the pump end of the cylinder; and an inlet. for air open at the end of the suction stroke of the piston for relieving the vacuum in the pump end of the cylinder. 7

6. In a gas engine, the combination of a cylinder; a piston in the cylinder; an inlet passage forming-a transferport from the pump end of the cylinder to the combustion end of the cylinder; an air inlet valve on the said inlet passage; a port in the piston receiving air from said inlet passage, the said port being open to the piston and placed to' be brought into re ister with the transfer port at the end 0 the power stroke of the piston whereby mixture is forced from the piston to the transfer port; an independent intake for delivering mixture to the pump end of the cylinder; and an auxiliary inlet for air, said auxiliary inlet for air leading to the end of the piston for delivering air from the pump end to the extreme end of the suction stroke to relieve .the vacuum therein and to deliver the air adjacent to the discharge port in the piston at the end of the compression.

7. In a gas engine, the combination of a cylinder; a piston in the cylinder; an inlet passage forming a transfer port from the pump end of the cylinder to the combustion end-of the cylinder; an air inlet valve on'the said inlet passage; a port in the piston receiving air from said inlet passage, the said port being open to the piston and placed to be brought into register with the transfer port at the end of the power stroke of the piston whereby mixture is forced from the piston to the transfer port; and a port in the cylinder and piston open at the end of the suction stroke to convey air to the end of the pistonto relieve the vacuum in the pump end of the cylinder at the end of the suction stroke and to place the air so delivered in a position to be initially discharged from the discharge port in the piston.

8. In a gas engine, the combination of a cylinder; a piston in'the cylinder forming with the cylinder a pump plunger; an inlet passage through which mixture is delivered to the cylinder; devices for delivering a column of air to the inlet passage, and from the inlet passage to the piston; an auxiliary device for delivering air to the inner end of the piston at the extreme end of the stroke of the piston, said passages and piston being arranged to compel a movement of the air in advance of the mixture through the inlet passage to the combustion end of the cylinder.

9. In a gas engine, the combination of a cylinder; having an inlet port 3; a transfer passage 10; anauxiliary air port 32; an air inlet valve on the transfer passage; a piston in the cylinder having a piston port adapted to be brought into register with the inlet port to the transfer passage, and leading from the inner end of the piston, and having the auxiliary port 33 adapted to come into register at the extreme compression of the piston with the auxiliary port 32, the port 33 leading to the inner end of the piston.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set m hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES MoINTOSH. Witnesses:

E. J. FITHIAN, L. M. MONROE. 

